RESUMO
An investigation was designed for the phytochemical screening by spectroscopic techniques and to determine the anti-in?ammatory activity of Plumeria rubra L. leaves extract. The qualitative UV-VIS spectrum showed the peaks at 333.15 with absorption 0.0731 respectively. The FT-IR spectrum of the Plumeria rubra L. showed the -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 absorption at 1019.79 /cm-1, 1633.07 cm . 2920.54/ cm , 3416.88/ cm ,481.33/ cm , 700.89/ cm , and 2851.70/ cm , 2926 cm-1, 2855 cm-1, 1609 cm-1. Anti-in?ammatory activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Plumeria rubra L. showed that the percentage of inhibition 54.57% at 500?g/ml concentration was evidently higher than the lower concentration of 50 ?g/ml (8.23%). The presence of various bioactive compounds justi?es the use of the leaves for various ailments by traditional practitioners.
RESUMO
Carbon (neutral) based renewable liquid biofuels are alternative to petroleum derived transport fuels that contribute to global warming and are of a limited availability. Microalgae based biofuels are considered as promising source of energy. Lyngbya sp. and Synechococcus sp. were studied for the possibility of biodiesel production in different media such as ASNIII, sea water enrichment medium and BG11. The sea water enrichment medium was found superior in enhancing the growth rate of these microalgae. Nitrogen depletion has less effect in total chlorophyll a content, at the same time the lipid content was increased in both Lyngbya sp. and Synechococcus sp. by 1.4 and 1.2 % respectively. Increase in salinity from 0.5-1.0 M also showed an increase in the lipid content to 2.0 and 0.8 % in these strains; but a salinity of 1.5 M has a total inhibitory effect in the growth. The total biomass yield was comparatively higher in tubular LED photobioreactor than the fluorescent flat plated photobioreactor. Lipid extraction was obtained maximum at 60 ºC in 1:10 sample: solvent ratio. GC-MS analysis of biodiesel showed high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; 4.86 %) than saturated fatty acid (SFA; 4.10 %). Biodiesel production was found maximum in Synechococcus sp. than Lyngbya sp. The viscosity of the biodiesel was closely related to conventional diesel. The results strongly suggest that marine microalgae could be used as a renewable energy source for biodiesel production.
Assuntos
Biocombustíveis , Biomassa , Reatores Biológicos , Carbono/química , Clorofila/metabolismo , Cianobactérias/metabolismo , Fontes Geradoras de Energia/economia , Desenho de Equipamento , Ésteres/química , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Lipídeos/química , Microalgas , Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Fotoquímica/métodos , Solventes/química , Synechococcus/metabolismo , Triglicerídeos/química , ViscosidadeRESUMO
Removal of nickel ions from industrial effluents has been studied using activated alumina prepared by the galvanic oxidation of aluminum metal at ambient temperature as the adsorbent. The effect of various factors, such as initial concentration of nickel, contact time, dose of adsorbent and pH of the solution has been investigated. Batch and column type of adsorption studies have been made. The results indicate that the adsorption process is favored at pH 9. The adsorption data were fitted with suitable adsorption isotherm. The optimum conditions for the best adsorption have been evaluated for the following factors: dosage, contact time, pH, initial concentration of nickel ions and temperature. The process of regeneration of the adsorbent has also been studied.